Bonus

Answer the following about the analysis of tetrodotoxin, for 10 points each.
[10h] Woodward determined tetrodotoxin’s structure by oxidizing it into the picrate salt of this ion. The hydrochloride or thiocyanate of this ion can show up as an undesirable 230-nanometer peak following DNA extractions.
ANSWER: guanidine [or guanidinium; accept guanidinium hydrochloride or guanidinium thiocyanate or guanidinium peak]
[10e] Tetrodotoxin’s toxicity comes from its ability to block voltage-gated channels of this metal. ATP drives the active transport of three ions of this metal with two ions of potassium across a namesake pump.
ANSWER: sodium [accept Na; accept sodium-potassium pump]
[10m] Tetrodotoxin’s mechanism can be determined by using a “voltage clamp” of this molecule to inhibit sodium and potassium channels. Either cesium chloride or this molecule is used to form a concentration gradient in isopycnic centrifugation experiments.
ANSWER: sucrose [accept sucrose-gap voltage clamping; accept sucrose gradient centrifugation]
<Biology>
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Conversion

TeamOpponentPart 1Part 2Part 3TotalParts
Arizona StateNorth Carolina B0101020EM
Columbia AWinona State010010E
FloridaYale010010E
Georgia TechWaterloo B010010E
Illinois AChicago B0101020EM
Johns HopkinsVirginia Tech0101020EM
LSENorth Carolina A010010E
MITCornell B0000
MarylandCornell A010010E
MichiganBritish Columbia010010E
NYUToronto C010010E
NorthwesternUCF10101030HEM
Ohio StateUC Berkeley B010010E
RutgersVirginia0101020EM
StanfordGeorgia State0101020EM
Toronto ATexas0101020EM
Toronto BChicago A010010E
UC Berkeley AColumbia B0101020EM
VanderbiltHarvard0000
WUSTL AIllinois B010010E
Waterloo AOttawa010010E

Summary

TournamentExact Match?HeardPPBEasy %Medium %Hard %
2025 ACF NationalsYes2113.3391%38%5%