Bonus

These constructs are most commonly added to cells via either heat shock or electroporation protocols. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name these circular pieces of DNA that can be transformed into bacteria to express new genes in the lab.
ANSWER: plasmids
[10m] Researchers balance expression and stability by choosing plasmid origins associated with a high, medium, or low value for this quantity. This quantity measures the number of individual instances of a plasmid in a cell.
ANSWER: plasmid copy number
[10h] Plasmids with a particularly low copy number may require this process to remain stable in populations. ParA and addiction modules like the hok/sok system are common elements that ensure this process occurs successfully.
ANSWER: plasmid segregation [accept plasmid partition or plasmid partition systems; prompt on replication or self-replicating]
<Biology>
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Conversion

TeamOpponentPart 1Part 2Part 3TotalParts
Columbia AStanford1010020EM
Cornell AIowa State1010020EM
Cornell BMaryland100010E
FloridaArizona State1010020EM
Georgia TechMIT1010020EM
HarvardMinnesota100010E
Illinois BNorth Carolina B1010020EM
Johns HopkinsToronto B1010020EM
LSEWUSTL B100010E
MichiganVanderbilt1010020EM
NYUGeorgia State100010E
North Carolina AChicago A1010020EM
NorthwesternIllinois A1010020EM
Ohio StateWinona State100010E
Penn StateWaterloo B100010E
RutgersUC Berkeley A1010020EM
TexasChicago B100010E
Toronto AIndiana1010020EM
Toronto CVirginia Tech1010020EM
UC Berkeley BBritish Columbia1010020EM
UCFRIT100010E
VirginiaColumbia B100010E
WUSTL AWaterloo A1010020EM
YaleOttawa100010E

Summary

TournamentExact Match?HeardPPBEasy %Medium %Hard %
2025 ACF NationalsYes2415.83100%58%0%