Bonus
Multilayer instances of these devices are manufactured by companies like Arista. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name these devices, one of which is often placed atop a stack of “blades” stored within 19-inch shelves. These transparent bridges are often described as “self-learning” due to their use of an aging timer.
ANSWER: network switches [or switching hub or bridging hub or Ethernet switch; accept multilayer switches or MLSs; accept Top of Rack switches or TOR switches; reject “hubs” alone]
[10m] Switches typically operate on the data link layer of this model. This generic, protocol-independent reference model developed by the ISO is divided into seven layers.
ANSWER: OSI model [or Open Systems Interconnection model]
[10e] While most switches forward layer-2 data using MAC addresses, multilayer switches also route layer-3 data using these addresses. 32-bit instances of these addresses are typically written as four numbers separated by periods.
ANSWER: IP addresses [or internet protocol addresses; accept IP or IPv4 or IPv6 addresses; prompt on network addresses or internal addresses or external addresses]
<Other Science>
Answerlines and category may not exactly match the version played at all sites
Conversion
| Team | Opponent | Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Total | Parts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arizona State | NYU | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 | ME |
| British Columbia | Florida | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | E |
| Chicago A | Stanford | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 | ME |
| Chicago B | Iowa State | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | E |
| Georgia Tech | Toronto C | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 | ME |
| Indiana | Columbia A | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 | ME |
| Maryland | UCF | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | E |
| Michigan | Ohio State | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | E |
| Minnesota | Johns Hopkins | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | E |
| Northwestern | Waterloo A | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | E |
| Ottawa | Georgia State | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | E |
| RIT | North Carolina B | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | E |
| Rutgers | WUSTL A | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | E |
| Texas | Harvard | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 | HME |
| Toronto A | Illinois A | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 | ME |
| Toronto B | MIT | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | E |
| UC Berkeley A | North Carolina A | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 | ME |
| UC Berkeley B | WUSTL B | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 | HE |
| Vanderbilt | Columbia B | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | E |
| Virginia | Cornell B | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | E |
| Virginia Tech | Cornell A | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | E |
| Waterloo B | LSE | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 | ME |
| Winona State | Illinois B | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 | ME |
| Yale | Penn State | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 | ME |
Summary
| Tournament | Exact Match? | Heard | PPB | Easy % | Medium % | Hard % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 ACF Nationals | Yes | 24 | 15.00 | 100% | 42% | 8% |