Tossup

This cause was the main focus of Devere Allen, who incorporated it into a 1934 socialist “Declaration of Principles.” Joseph and Michael Hofer, two members of a Hutterite colony in South Dakota, were brutally tortured for endorsing this cause. Randolph Bourne’s endorsement (10[1])of this cause (-5[1])inspired him to coin the phrase that a certain institution “is the health of the State.” In a failed effort to promote this cause, Henry Ford chartered the Oscar (10[1])II (10[1])(“two”) with the backing of Rosika (-5[1])Schwimmer (-5[1])and a party (10[1])founded in 1915 by Jane Addams. (-5[1])Elihu Root (10[1])served as the first president of a think tank (-5[1])for this cause established by Andrew Carnegie. (10[1])Jeannette (-5[1])Rankin’s (10[1])lifelong (-5[1])commitment (10[2])to this cause (10[4])informed (10[1])a (10[1])1917 dissenting vote in Congress. For 10 points, name this cause supported by conscientious (10[1])objectors. ■END■ (10[7]0[1])

ANSWER: pacifism [or peace; or world peace; or international peace; or anti-war; or war resistance; accept opposition to World War I or opposition to World War II; accept conscientious objection or being a conscientious objector until read; accept opposing the draft; accept Women’s Peace Party; accept Peace Ship; accept Carnegie Endowment for International Peace; prompt on world government or internationalism; prompt on isolationism] (Devere Allen’s “Declaration of Principles” argued that the Socialist Party of America should take a pacifist stance. Randolph Bourne’s essay featured the phrase “War is the Health of the State.”)
<American History>
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