Tossup

Fractionalization of this quantity was demonstrated in a 2018 paper by Kasahara et al. which predicted that a non-abelian state of matter could be found by measuring half-integer thermal quantum Hall fluctuations. This quantity fractionalizes into Majorana (“mye-uh-RAH-nuh”) fermions in certain honeycomb lattice compounds modeled with interactions named after Alexei Kitaev (“kih-TAH-yeff”). Dysprosium titanate is an example (10[1])of a substance (10[1])named (10[1])for this quantity (10[1])that (10[1])exhibits magnetic (10[1])frustration. Substances (10[1])named (10[1])for (10[1])this (10[1])quantity (10[1])are modeled using randomly aligned (10[1])magnetic (10[1])dipoles (10[2])on integer grids. (10[1])Three two-by-two Hermitian (10[1])(“her-MISH-ian”) matrices (10[2])used to represent this quantity are named for Wolfgang (10[1])Pauli (10[1])and denoted sigma-sub-i. For 10 points, what quantity gives its name to a kind of “glass” and takes (10[1])half-integer values for fermions? ■END■

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