Tossup

A verb for the use of these things is the first title word of an article that distinguishes between “accidental” and “vulgar” occurrences of the word “nine,” such as in the phrase “Canines are larger than felines.” That David Kaplan article is a response to an article with this first title word, in which Ralph’s suspicion that Bernard J. Ortcutt is a spy illustrates the difference between “relational” and “notional” forms of belief. That W. V. O. Quine article is titled for these things and “Propositional Attitudes.” A type of these things can be removed from sentences via Skolemization. There (10[2])are two of these things (10[2])in first-order (10[1])logic, notated (10[2])as a (10[1])backward (10[2]-5[1])capital (10[2])E (10[2])and (10[1])upside-down (10[2]-5[1])A (10[1])respectively. For 10 points, those are the existential and universal forms (-5[1])of what logical operators, which express the ideas “all X” or “there is an X”? ■END■ (10[2]0[1])

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