Tossup

This book’s approach could be summed up with a four-word maxim beginning “No nostrums,” according to an essay responding to it by John W. N. Watkins. A chapter of this book compares an experiment in which subjects wore goggles with inverted lenses with one in which they were shown anomalous playing cards, such as a red six of spades. This book declares that there were no pendulums, only swinging stones, until the occurrence of a “gestalt flip.” This book contrasts “mere facts” and “unexpected novelty” in a chapter on its central subject “as puzzle-solving.” (10[1])According to this book, the mounting of “anomalies” leads to a crisis in which the “extraordinary” variety of its title discipline replaces the “normal” variety. For 10 points, the term “paradigm shift” was popularized by what book by Thomas Kuhn? ■END■

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